Civilization history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Civilization history - Essay ExampleHow would her rule be different in the modern world?The term totalism indicates the absolute monarchal power enjoyed by the rulers during the 17th and 18th century. The main features of absolutism are the ending of feudal partitioning, consolidation of power with the monarch, increase in state power, amalgamation of state laws, and a fall in the influence of Church and nobles on the rulers. Moreover, absolutism is marked by the existence of ideologies that justified the absolute power of monarchs. On the other hand, constitutionalism refers to the principle that the government derives its power from the people and hence, is limited by a body of fundamental laws. So, constitutionalism argues that government is not free to do anything as its power is limited. Instead, it is bound to follow the rules and procedures which are set out in the constitutional law of the community. According to Birn, one can say that while absolutism is based on the concep t of the absolute power of the ruler, constitutionalism believes in the balance of power between government power and the rights of people1.Absolutism in Europe tested to ensure order by developing both philosophical and secular ideologies that support the absolute power of the monarch. Some examples are the divine right surmise of Bishop Jacques Bossuet (1627-1704) and the Leviathan from Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679). The rulers took all the decisions in absolutism and all the decisions came from the ruler. Also, the ruler ensured control over religion and economy. Another important feature was the clear class distinctions. On the other hand, the methods adopted by constitutionalism were entirely different. As constitutionalism took birth, it replaced the absolute power policy by a rule by law. In addition, the concept of mixer contract arose as the very basis of government. Thus, the rules developed are the rules that are